13 years of change in the extent and physiognomy of mangroves after shrimp farming abandonment, Bali, Indonesia
Abstract
There is a need to document how fast mangrove coasts are changing. Within the framework of the INDESO project, we are implementing methods for monitoring changes in Indonesian mangroves over the past decade. The Perancak river estuary, Jembrana, Bali was selected as a pilot site to analyze the impact of aquaculture and plantation practices in a 7 km² mangrove area. During the 80’s, most of the mangrove forest was converted to shrimp ponds. However many of shrimp ponds have been abandoned since the 90’s and covered by mangroves through plantation programs. We based our analysis on a temporal series of VHR satellite images acquired from 2001 to 2014 aiming to assess the vegetation change over 13 years in the study site. We mapped and quantified the trends of evolution in mangroves in terms of surface extents, forest types and forest structure (young, adult, mature). Our results showed that the Perancak estuary is undergoing the greening, i.e. increasing extent and continuous growing of mangroves. With this approach, we proved that both sustainable and unsustainable coastal zone management practices such as mangrove deforestation, plantation or protection, can be identified and mapped from VHR satellite images